@article {Krieger2007a, title = {Design and preliminary accuracy studies of an MRI-guided transrectal prostate intervention system}, journal = {Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention (MICCAI)}, volume = {10}, number = {Pt 2}, year = {2007}, pages = {59{\textendash}67}, publisher = {Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA}, abstract = {

This paper reports a novel system for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided transrectal prostate interventions, such as needle biopsy, fiducial marker placement, and therapy delivery The system utilizes a hybrid tracking method, comprised of passive fiducial tracking for initial registration, subsequent incremental motion measurement along the degrees of freedom using fiber-optical encoders, mechanical scales Targeting accuracy of the system is evaluated in prostate phantom experiments Achieved targeting accuracy, procedure times were found to compare favorably with existing systems using passive, active tracking methods Moreover, the portable design of the system using only standard MRI image sequences, minimal custom scanner interfacing allows the system to be easily used on different MRI scanners

}, keywords = {Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Automated, Biopsy, Computer-Assisted, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Humans, Image Enhancement, Image Interpretation, Imaging, instrumentation/methods, Interventional, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, methods, Needle, pathology/surgery, Pattern Recognition, Pilot Projects, Prostatectomy, Prostatic Neoplasms, Rectum, Reproducibility of Results, Robotics, Sensitivity, Specificity, Three-Dimensional, User-Computer Interface}, author = {Axel Krieger and Csaba Csoma and Iulian Iordachita and Peter Guion and Anurag K. Singh and Gabor Fichtinger and Whitcomb, Louis L.} } @article {Kazanzides2006, title = {Design, validation of an image-guided robot for small animal research}, journal = {Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention (MICCAI)}, volume = {9}, number = {Pt 1}, year = {2006}, pages = {50{\textendash}57}, publisher = {Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, USA pkaz@jhu edu}, abstract = {

We developed an image-guided robot system to achieve highly accurate placement of thin needles, probes into in-vivo rodent tumor tissue in a predefined pattern that is specified on a preoperative image This system can be used for many experimental procedures where the goal is to correlate a set of physical measurements with a corresponding set of image intensities or, more generally, to perform a physical action at a set of anatomic points identified on a preoperative image This paper focuses on the design, validation of the robot system, where the first application is to insert oxygen measurement probes in a three-dimensional (3D) grid pattern defined with respect to a PET scan of a tumor The design is compatible with CT, MRI, which we plan to use to identify targets for biopsy, for the injection of adenoviral sequences for gene therapy The validation is performed using a phantom, includes a new method for estimating the Fiducial Localization Error (FLE) based on the measured Fiducial Distance Error (FDE)

}, keywords = {Animals, Biopsy, Computer-Assisted, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Imaging, Injections, instrumentation/methods, instrumentation/methods/veterinary, Needle, Phantoms, Positron-Emission Tomography, Research, Robotics, Surgery}, author = {Peter Kazanzides and Jenghwa Chang and Iulian Iordachita and Jack Li and Clifton Ling and Gabor Fichtinger} } @article {Fichtinger2005, title = {Image overlay for CT-guided needle insertions}, journal = {Journal of Computer Aided Surgery}, volume = {10}, number = {4}, year = {2005}, month = {Jul}, pages = {241{\textendash}255}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: We present a 2D image overlay device to assist needle placement on computed tomography (CT) scanners MATERIALS AND METHODS: The system consists of a flat display, a semitransparent mirror mounted on the gantry When the physician looks at the patient through the mirror, the CT image appears to be floating inside the body with correct size, position as if the physician had 2D {\textquoteright}X-ray vision{\textquoteright} The physician draws the optimal path on the CT image The composite image is rendered on the display, thus reflected in the mirror The reflected image is used to guide the physician in the procedure In this article, we describe the design, various embodiments of the 2D image overlay system, followed by the results of phantom, cadaver experiments in multiple clinical applications RESULTS: Multiple skeletal targets were successfully accessed with one insertion attempt Generally, successful access was recorded on liver targets when a clear path opened, but the number of attempts, accuracy showed variability because of occasional lack of access Soft tissue deformation further reduced the accuracy, consistency in comparison to skeletal targets CONCLUSION: The system demonstrated strong potential for reducing faulty needle insertion attempts, thereby reducing X-ray dose, patient discomfort

}, keywords = {Animals, Biopsy, Cadaver, Calibration, Computer-Assisted, Equipment Design, Humans, Image Processing, Imaging, instrumentation, Interventional, Needle, Phantoms, Radiography, Swine, Tomography, User-Computer Interface, X-Ray Computed}, doi = {10 1080/10929080500230486}, url = {http://dx doi org/10 1080/10929080500230486}, author = {Gabor Fichtinger and Anton Degeut and Gregory Fischer and Iulian Iordachita and Emese Balogh and Ken Masamune and Russell H. Taylor and Laura Fayad and Michelle de Oliveira and James Zinreich} }