@article {Jain2005,
	title = {C-arm calibration-is it really necessary?},
	journal = {Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention (MICCAI)},
	volume = {8},
	number = {Pt 1},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {639{\textendash}646},
	abstract = {<p>C-arm fluoroscopy is modelled as a perspective projection, the parameters of which are estimated through a calibration procedure It has been universally accepted that precise intra-procedural calibration is a prerequisite for accurate quantitative C-arm fluoroscopy guidance Calibration, however, significantly adds to system complexity, which is a major impediment to clinical practice We challenge the status quo by questioning the assumption that precise intra-procedural calibration is really necessary We derived theoretical bounds for the sensitivity of 3D measurements to mis-calibration Experimental results corroborated the theory in that mis-calibration in the focal spot by as much as 50 mm still allows for tracking with an accuracy of 0 5 mm in translation, 0 65 degrees in rotation, and such mis-calibration does not impose any additional error on the reconstruction of small objects</p>
},
	keywords = {Algorithms, Calibration, Computer-Assisted, Equipment Failure Analysis, Fluoroscopy, Imaging, instrumentation/methods/standards, methods/standards, Radiographic Image Enhancement, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Reproducibility of Results, Sensitivity, Specificity, Three-Dimensional, United States},
	author = {Ameet K. Jain and Ryan Kon and Yu Zhou and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
