@article {MPeikari2012,
	title = {Characterization of ultrasound elevation beamwidth artifacts for prostate brachytherapy needle insertion},
	journal = {Medical Physics},
	volume = {39},
	year = {2012},
	month = {01/2012},
	pages = {246-256},
	abstract = {<p>Purpose: Ultrasound elevation beamwidth leads to image artefacts and uncertainties in localizing objects (such as a surgical needle) in ultrasound images. We examined the clinical significance of errors caused by elevation beamwidth artefacts and imaging parameters in needle insertion procedures. Method: Beveled prostate brachytherapy needles were inserted through all holes of a grid template under real-time transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guidance. The needle tip position as indicated by the TRUS image was compared to their observed physical location. A new device was developed to measure the ultrasound elevation beamwidth. Result: Imaging parameters of the TRUS scanner have direct impact on the localization error ranging from 0.5 mm upto 4 mm. The smallest localization error was observed laterally close to the center of the grid template, and axially within the beam{\textquoteright}s focal zone. Largest localization error occurs laterally around both sides of the grid template, and axially within the beam{\textquoteright}s far field. we also found that the localization errors vary with both lateral and elevation offsets. Conclusion: We found properly adjusting the TRUS imaging settings to lower the ultrasound gain and power effectively minimized the appearance of elevation beamwidth artefacts and in turn reduced the localization errors of the needle tip.</p>
},
	keywords = {Brachytherapy, localization error, main lobe, side lobe, ultrasound imaging},
	issn = {0094-2405},
	doi = {10.1118/1.3669488},
	url = {http://online.medphys.org/resource/1/mphya6/v39/i1/p246_s1},
	author = {Mohammad Peikari and Thomas K. Chen and Andras Lasso and Tamas Heffter and E. Clif Burdette and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
@article {Lasso2012a,
	title = {PLUS: An open-source toolkit for ultrasound-guided intervention systems development},
	year = {2012},
	month = {02/2012},
	address = {Toronto, ON, Canada},
	author = {Andras Lasso and Tamas Heffter and Csaba Pinter and Tamas Ungi and Thomas K. Chen and Alexis Boucharin and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
@article {Chen2011,
	title = {Automated Intraoperative Calibration for Prostate Cancer Brachytherapy},
	journal = {Medical Physics},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2011},
	month = {11/2011},
	pages = {6285-6299},
	doi = {10.1118/1.3651690},
	author = {Thomas K. Chen and Tamas Heffter and Andras Lasso and Csaba Pinter and Purang Abolmaesumi and E. Clif Burdette and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
@conference {Bartha2011a,
	title = {Automatic fiducial localization in ultrasound images for a thermal ablation validation platform},
	booktitle = {SPIE Medical Imaging},
	volume = {7964},
	number = {1},
	year = {2011},
	month = {03/2011},
	pages = {796421},
	publisher = {SPIE},
	organization = {SPIE},
	address = {Lake Buena Vista (Orlando), Florida, USA},
	doi = {10.1117/12.878568},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PSI/7964/796421/1},
	author = {Laura Bartha and Andras Lasso and Thomas K. Chen and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
@conference {MPeikari2011,
	title = {Effects of Ultrasound Section-Thickness on Brachytherapy Needle Tip Localization Error},
	booktitle = {Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2011)},
	year = {2011},
	address = {Toronto, ON, Canada},
	author = {Mohammad Peikari and Thomas K. Chen and Andras Lasso and Tamas Heffter and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
@article {Lasso2011c,
	title = {PLUS: An open-source toolkit for developing ultrasound-guided intervention systems},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {103},
	address = {Arlington VA, October 12-13, 2011},
	author = {Andras Lasso and Tamas Heffter and Csaba Pinter and Tamas Ungi and Thomas K. Chen and Alexis Boucharin and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
@conference {MPeikari2011,
	title = {Section-Thickness Profiling for Brachytherapy Ultrasound Guidance},
	booktitle = {SPIE Medical Imaging},
	volume = {7964},
	number = {1},
	year = {2011},
	month = {03/2011},
	pages = {79640R},
	publisher = {SPIE},
	organization = {SPIE},
	address = {Lake Buena Vista (Orlando), Florida, USA},
	isbn = {9780819485069},
	doi = {10.1117/12.877993},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/?PSI/7964/79640R/1},
	author = {Mohammad Peikari and Thomas K. Chen and Gabor Fichtinger and E. Clif Burdette}
}
@conference {Karim-Aghaloo2009,
	title = {Intraoperative localization of brachytherapy implants using intensity-based registration},
	booktitle = {SPIE Medical Imaging},
	volume = {7261},
	year = {2009},
	author = {Zahra Karim-Aghaloo and Purang Abolmaesumi and Narges Ahmidi and Thomas K. Chen and David Gobbi and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
@conference {Karim-Aghaloo2008b,
	title = {Intra-operative Localization of Brachytherapy Implants Using Intensity-based Registration},
	booktitle = {7th Imaging Symposium of the Imaging Network of Ontario},
	year = {2008},
	author = {Zahra Karim-Aghaloo and Purang Abolmaesumi and Narges Ahmidi and Thomas K. Chen and David Gobbi and Gabor Fichtinger}
}
